27.1.17

Nigéria: Riscos para a segurança nacional

If President Muhammadu Buhari periodically goes on a foreign medical holidays, specifically to the United Kingdom (UK) to keep appointment with his doctors who have been treating him over the years, as one of his aides suggested, then there is a very poor understanding by himself and his government of current status as the embodiment of sovereignty of the Nigerian State and the grave danger, such under-appreciation poses to our national security.
The prospect of the Nigerian president, an embodiment of the nation’s sovereignty and the repository of her most guarded state secrets lying helplessly in a foreign hospital at the mercy of a foreign doctor, who is obviously a mole or accessory to a mole of foreign intelligence service is scary and harrowing, especially with the probability that any listening device even mind-control or behaviour modification micro-chips could easily be inserted in the body of the Nigerian leader as part of routine medical checks.
Intelligence services and the espionage communities do not have the ethical restraints or the constitutional and democratic draw-backs of normal civil authorities even in the most advanced western democracies. They are the dark room and nerve centre of the state, far beyond the normal civil authorities and they constitute the deep state on which the normal governments rely.
To guarantee the survival of the state and advance its interests beyond the routines of the normal government is the core duty of the intelligence services and in the pursuit of this duty, they are not often mindful of the niceties of constitutionalism or morality.In the ruthless world of intelligence services, every act is fair in the preservation and advancement of the interest of the state. No intelligence service, worth its salt, even of those of banana republics, let alone of an advanced western country, would watch a head of state of an important country, walk in and out of its domain for routine medical check-ups or holidays, without setting up apparatus to gain advantage in information and leverage on it to advance its own national interest.
From the time former U.S. President, Barack Obama won the presidency in 2008, his favorite barber in his home state, Chicago was always ferried to Washington for the hair-cut of the then president, under the watchful eyes of the U.S. intelligence and this is within the same country, not to imagine the prospect of the U.S. president travelling to another country to indulge himself in the pleasure of a hair-cut.
If the example of a U.S. president is far-fetched, think of this: no single Asian leader has travelled out of his country for a holiday or medical check-up. In the intelligence community, friends, allies and even enemies have little value. Edward Snowden, the U.S. intelligence contractor, blew the lid on how the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, CIA routinely spies on the U.S. European allies, causing particular distress to the German and French political leaders, who claimed publicly to be hurt by the friendly fire, but would secretly blame their intelligence services for not building sufficient deterrent capacity.
In transmitting his letter to the Senate and the transfer of his powers temporarily to the vice president to act, on his behalf, Buhari and his handlers are reveling in their adherence to  constitutional provision but seemed totally oblivious of grave security implications, of  care-free foreign medical holidays.
The Guardian

Gâmbia: Detido antigo ministro

Switzerland on Thursday detained former Gambian interior minister Ousman Sonko, who is under investigation for crimes against humanity during the regime of ex-president Yahya Jammeh.
The arrest and probe come as The Gambia on Monday welcomed their new president Adama Barrow, who had fled to Senegal after winning a landmark election as Jammeh refused to give up power sparking a political crisis.
   
Bern prosecutor Christof Scheurer told AFP that Sonko was being investigated under article 264a of the Swiss criminal code, which covers crimes against humanity.
   
Sonko had been one of Jammeh's top aides, serving in his presidential guard before heading the interior ministry from 2006 to 2016.
   
Jammeh sacked him in September and Sanko fled to Sweden where his request for asylum was rejected.
   
Sonko was detained in the Swiss capital Bern following a complaint filed by rights group TRIAL.
   
"He will be interrogated soon," Amael Gschwind, a spokesman for Bern prosecutors told AFP, confirming the arrest.
   
TRIAL, which campaigns for the Swiss judicial system to act on crimes committed abroad, described Sonko as one of Jammeh's "strongmen" and claimed he must have been aware of the violations committed under the fallen authoritarian regime.
   
"Sonko could not have ignored the large-scale torture that political opponents, journalists and human rights defenders suffered," charged Benedict de Moerloose of TRIAL's criminal law division.
   
According to TRIAL, Sonko arrived in Switzerland in November and applied for asylum.
   
It was not immediately clear where he had lived between his arrival and his arrest.
   
TRIAL urged Switzerland to move forward with prosecution, suggesting it could give positive momentum to the unprecedented political developments under way in The Gambia.
   
 
 

26.1.17

XXVIII cimeira da União Africana

For the African Union (AU) leaders attending the 28th AU Summit, in Addis Abeba, the peaceful resolution of the Gambia’s electoral crisis by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) means they’ll be saved from having to mull over possible solutions when they meet on January 30 and 31. 
The crisis started after former president Yahya Jammeh refused to accept the results of the Gambia’s December 2016 elections. Last week, on January 21, Jammeh finally agreed to step down and go into exile. This averted a possible military confrontation between the former president’s forces and ECOWAS.
The AU now needs to provide full support to ECOWAS and the new government of Adama Barrow to manage the fall-out of Jammeh’s dramatic exit.
ECOWAS, the AU and the United Nations (UN) will have to work closely with Barrow to meet the terms of the political agreement that led to Jammeh’s exit, and at the same time address the grievances of Gambians following Jammeh’s 22-year dictatorship.
Jammeh was guaranteed that he’d be protected from intimidation, harassment and any form of “witch-hunting” – with the same applying to his followers or former members of his regime.
The political agreement does not, however, provide any immunity from prosecution for the ex-president. Jammeh’s fate will therefore also depend on how committed Barrow, the international community and ordinary Gambians are to holding the former leader accountable for abuses during his term – while still upholding the “dignity, respect, security and rights” that he’d been promised.
Yet the situation in the Gambia is not the only burning issue on the continent that needs the AU’s urgent attention. Many other matters are expected to be addressed at the summit --whether in official discussions, or at meetings held on the side-lines. These include the conflict in South Sudan, tensions in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), instability in Mali and the Sahel, turmoil in Libya and the war on al-Shabaab in Somalia.
Regarding the ongoing conflict in South Sudan, the AU has to work more closely with the UN regarding the deployment of a regional protection force, which had been mandated by the UN to prevent the violence from worsening. Kenya has already decided to pull its forces out of South Sudan due to rifts with the UN, thereby requiring mediation from the AU.
Progress also seems to have stagnated in the overall political process that was intended to restore peace and stability in South Sudan. The AU, UN and regional actors must urgently work to reach a common position on power-sharing and governance. This includes deciding on the fate of opposition leader Riek Machar, who is currently in South Africa. According to some analysts, there seems to be consensus among regional powers that stopping Machar from going back to South Sudan is key to preventing renewed fighting. But will maintaining the status quo in Juba lead to lasting peace?
Heads of state attending the summit will also be aware of the political tension resulting from President Joseph Kabila’s prolonged tenure in the DRC. The failure to hold elections in 2016 has led to violent political unrest in the country. A political accord, mediated by the AU, was reached on October 8 last year. The accord postponed the elections to April 2018, but failed to end the unrest and led to a new deal, which was signed by the governing party and the main opposition parties on December 31.
According to the new deal, which was brokered by the leadership of the Catholic Church in the DRC, Kabila agrees to hold elections in 2017 and then to step down as president. Some analysts, however, warn that such a move by Kabila could be a tactic to buy time, since the deal could falter as political parties wrangle for seats in a new government.
Terrorism and lingering conflicts in the Sahel are also extremely concerning for the AU. The AU is yet to decide on the proposed African force within the UN mission for Mali to combat worsening threats – both in that country and the Sahel more broadly. Various armed jihadist groups continue to take advantage of the limited presence of the government in the north to carry out attacks.
Armed jihadist groups have dealt a strong blow to peace efforts in Mali by attacking UN peacekeepers and signatories of the Agreement for Peace and Reconciliation. Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb reported that its close ally, al-Mourabitoun carried out an attack in a military camp in Gao, northern Mali, which killed over 60 people and wounded more than a 100 others on January 18.
The AU will have to push for a decisive solution to address the growing influence of terrorism in the region. The UN is already considering targeted sanctions in Mali.
Political instability and turmoil also continue to plague Libya. At the 27th AU Summit in Kigali, Rwanda, AU leaders resolved to convene a national dialogue for reconciliation in that country. However the AU has not yet outlined concrete steps on how to achieve this. National dialogue remains crucial to unite rival governments and leaders, including General Khalifa Haftar – who commands Libyan military forces in the eastern part of the country.
Neighbouring countries continue to play a key role in urging for dialogue. At the recent 10th meeting of the neighbouring countries of Libya – which was also attended by the AU Special Envoy in Libya, Jakaya Kikwete – the leaders warned the rival parties against further military action and again called for dialogue.
Finally, 2017 is a decisive year as the AU plans to commence its withdrawal of the African Mission for Somalia (AMISOM) by 2018, with an eventual complete exit planned for 2020. If AMISOM is to start pulling out by 2018, the AU has to work closely with the international community to intensify efforts in curbing al-Shabaab, and consolidate gains that have been made in state-building.
It remains doubtful whether a stronger military response could bring AMISOM any closer in its attempts to defeat al-Shabaab. The group has a strong ideological foundation that enjoys support among sections of the local population and other global extremist movements. A possible withdrawal of AMISOM would require reinforcing the state-building project with the buy-in of Somalis.
The success of the ongoing elections in Somalia is key in the state-building effort, but the electoral process has been marred by vote-buying and intimidation. This casts doubt over the maturity of Somalia’s democracy and statehood. For AMISOM to stay the course, the international donor community would have to regroup to empower AMISOM to attain its goals.
Ndubuisi Christian Ani, a researcher for ISS Addis Ababa.

Gâmbia: EUA apoiam Barrow

After 22 years of autocratic rule under former President Yahya Jammeh, The Gambia has a new president - Adama Barrow. President Barrow’s inauguration took place on January 18 at the Gambian Embassy in Dakar, Senegal, due to concerns about his safety in Gambia. After initially accepting his electoral defeat in early December, Mr. Jammeh suddenly changed course, refusing to step down. He then attempted to challenge the election results in court and when that failed, declared a state of emergency.
The Economic Community of West African States, or ECOWAS, immediately condemned the attempt by Jammeh to cling to power. Following weeks of high-level engagement by ECOWAS and other regional heads of state, the group underlined their commitment to Gambian democracy by organizing a multinational mission to enforce Gambia’s electoral results should Mr. Jammeh continue to refuse to hand over power. Following the stationing of these forces on the Gambian border and intense last minute mediation by regional leaders, Mr. Jammeh finally agreed to depart peacefully on January 21. This has paved the way for President Barrow to return to the Gambia.
The United States welcomes the on-going peaceful transition of power in The Gambia and congratulates President Barrow on his inauguration.
Mr. Jammeh took office in 1994 after a coup and imprisoned numerous journalists and political opponents during his tenure. President Barrow has vowed to release all political prisoners and to get to work on improving the Gambia's economy.
The United States applauds the commitment to democracy and the restraint shown by the Gambian people over the past weeks and appreciates the decision by Mr. Jammeh to depart peacefully.
The United States commends the Economic Community of West African States and other regional partners for their leadership in addressing the situation. The United States echoes President Barrow's call for Gambians to unite and work together as brothers and sisters for the future of The Gambia.
The United States is proud of our close ties to the people of The Gambia and looks forward to working closely with President Barrow and his team to achieve the aspirations of all Gambians.     Voz da América

25.1.17

Guiné Equatorial conta com Portugal

The Republic of Equatorial Guinea Ambassador to Portugal, Tito Mba Ada, met at the weekend with the Portuguese Secretary of State from the Ministry for Foreign Business, Charged with the Internationalisation of Portuguese Companies Abroad, Jorge Costa Oliveira. The aim of the meeting was to request support for the organisation of an economic event for our country in Portugal, under the banner "Invest in Equatorial Guinea". 

During the interview, the Director of the Sub-Saharan Africa Service from the Directorate General of Foreign Policy, and the Representative of the Portuguese Agency for Investment and Foreign Trade, was also present. 

The Portuguese Secretary of State, Jorge Costa Oliveira, promised to support the organisation of the Equatorial Guinea economic event, which will take place at the end of February. The economic forum will enjoy the participation of Portuguese and Equatoguinean entrepreneurs.

The interview also served to look at the convenience of signing two important agreements on bilateral cooperation; one regarding industrial development, and the other on the "No Double Payment of Taxes".

The aim of this economic forum is to encourage investors from the two countries to work together under the Horizonte 2020 development programme.

Text and photos: Clemente Ela Ondo Onguene (DGPWIGE)
Equatorial Guinea Press and Information Office

Gâmbia: Tropas da CEDEAO ficam seis meses

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Commission hinted yesterday that its coalition force will remain in The Gambia to ensure the stability of the country.
The President of ECOWAS Commission, Marcel de Souza revealed this in Abuja yesterday, while briefing journalists and members of the diplomatic corps on the political situation in that country.
De Souza said this followed a request by President Adama Barrow that the ECOWAS force remain in the country for the next six months.
The ECOWAS President, however, pointed out that keeping troops in that country would be decided by the Chiefs of Army Staff of the ECOWAS member countries.
“By the end of the week, the forces will fall back. Barrow would like us to have a sufficient force on ground for about six months; we will see which troops will be withdrawn and which would be retained”, he stated.
He further said that the ECOWAS Mission in The Gambia was to secure peace, contrary to reports that there was a military force in the country after former President Yayah Jammeh’s departure.
De Souza stated: “We needed to have a specific strategy and prevent a single shot being fired and avoid any bloodshed. Orders were given for forces to move to Banjul; it was a force to secure the situation, the environment and the life of Barrow, not a military move.
“What if there was an assassination attempt on President Barrow’s life, the aim of the entire action will be defeated.
We are waiting for a report, by today or tomorrow we will be able to indicate that President Barrow will return”.

Gâmbia: Risco de vida para o presidente Barrow

The Economic Community of West African States, ECOWAS, president, Marcel de Souza, has explained why West African troops in the Gambia (ECOMIG) are still in the country following the exit of Yahya Jammeh.
He said the force was there to protect the people and maintain order as new President Adama Barrow prepares to assume office. In a chat with members of the Diplomatic Corps on the political situation in The Gambia, De Souza said ECOWAS does not have the intention of invading any country of member states.
“The ECOWAS mission in the Gambia was misunderstood. It was said that since Yahya Jammeh had left the country, what is the force still doing there? The forces are not there to fire shots but to secure the situation,” he said.
He disclosed that there were heavily-armed mercenaries in the country and this posed threat to the life of the President Barrow.
“We cannot allow Adama Barrow to move into the country in such a situation,” he said, adding that the troops would be there for the situation to improve. Barrow remains in neighbouring Senegal amd De Souza did not mention when the new president would return to his country.